{"id":7266,"date":"2020-09-03T11:18:30","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T09:18:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/?p=7266"},"modified":"2020-09-03T11:18:40","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T09:18:40","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b5%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%af-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/?p=7266","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a (1853-1926) – (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 10)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629: \u00ab\u0625\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:
1) Eliezer Taube, The Emergence of the Arab Movements, Bar-Ilan University, Routledge, London & New York, 1993.
2) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1912.
3) \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (1868-1938) \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2013.
4) \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1850-1916: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 – \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2016.\u200e
5) \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c (1295-1421 \u0647\u0640.\/1878-2000\u0645.) – \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2001.
6) \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0648\u062e\u060c \u063a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1985.
7) \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621 19 \u0635\u0641\u0631 1437 – 1 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646:
https:\/\/islamsyria.com\/site\/show_articles\/7511
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 13 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1441 – 3 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2020
8) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0648\u062e\u060c \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1986.
9) \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2017.
10) \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c 1884 \u2013 1915\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2017.
\u00a0* \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

*\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627\u00a0 \u00a0\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u064a\u062e \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0645\u064e\u062f \u0639\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0629 1909\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0650 \u00ab\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633\u00bb\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u00bb\u061b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u062e: 35) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7267,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7266"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7266\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7268,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7266\/revisions\/7268"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hassadlhibr.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}